Compound Words

Compound words are formed when two smaller words are joined together to create a new word with its own meaning. Sometimes they are written as one word, as in sunflower or notebook; sometimes they are linked with a hyphen, as in well-known or part-time; and sometimes they appear as separate words but still work together as a single idea, such as ice cream. The exact form often depends on common usage, so learning compound words is as much about recognising patterns as it is about memorising spellings. Once you begin to notice them, you will see that they are everywhere in everyday English, from long-standing vocabulary to newer terms that enter the language over time.

Compound words matter because they help you speak and write more naturally, accurately, and concisely. Using the right form can prevent confusion, improve clarity, and make your English sound more polished and confident. This page is designed to help you spot common patterns, understand how compound words behave, and avoid typical spelling mistakes. As you explore the examples and explanations, pay attention to whether a compound is written as one word, hyphenated, or left open, and practise using them in your own sentences. With regular review, you will build a stronger vocabulary and develop a better instinct for what sounds correct in real English.

379 entries in this category

Animals & Insects

29
butterfly
butter+fly

a colorful insect with large wings

ladybug
lady+bug

a small spotted beetle

dragonfly
dragon+fly

a fast flying insect with long body

honeybee
honey+bee

a bee that makes honey

bumblebee
bumble+bee

a large fuzzy bee

seahorse
sea+horse

a small sea animal with a curled tail

starfish
star+fish

a sea animal with arms like a star

catfish
cat+fish

a fish with whisker like barbels

dogfish
dog+fish

a kind of small shark

pufferfish
puffer+fish

a fish that can puff up its body

goldfish
gold+fish

a small golden pet fish

buttercup
butter+cup

a common yellow flower

hummingbird
humming+bird

a tiny bird that beats its wings quickly

kingfisher
king+fisher

a brightly colored fish eating bird

nightjar
night+jar

a nocturnal bird with a wide mouth

housefly
house+fly

a common fly found indoors

caterpillar
cater+pillar

the larva of a butterfly or moth

woodpecker
wood+pecker

a bird that pecks wood to find insects

meadowlark
meadow+lark

a songbird found in grasslands

roadrunner
road+runner

a fast running bird of the southwest

grasshopper
grass+hopper

an insect that jumps in grass

shellfish
shell+fish

a sea animal with a shell

snakebird
snake+bird

a bird with a long snake like neck

wolfhound
wolf+hound

a large hound dog bred to hunt wolves

mousetrap
mouse+trap

a device used to catch mice

beetlewing
beetle+wing

a decorative wing of a beetle

spiderweb
spider+web

the web made by a spider

birdhouse
bird+house

a small shelter for birds

fishpond
fish+pond

a pond where fish are kept

Body & Health

25
headache
head+ache

Pain in the head.

backache
back+ache

Pain in the back.

stomachache
stomach+ache

Pain in the stomach.

bodyguard
body+guard

A person who protects someone.

sunburn
sun+burn

Skin damage caused by too much sun.

heartbeat
heart+beat

The regular beating of the heart.

bloodstream
blood+stream

The flow of blood through the body.

sore throat
sore+throat

Pain or irritation in the throat.

eyebrow
eye+brow

The strip of hair above the eye.

lipstick
lip+stick

A cosmetic used on the lips.

thumbnail
thumb+nail

The nail on the thumb.

skincare
skin+care

Care and treatment of the skin.

handwash
hand+wash

Soap used for washing hands.

bodywash
body+wash

Soap or cleanser used for washing the body.

haircut
hair+cut

A style made by cutting hair.

earache
ear+ache

Pain in the ear.

nosebleed
nose+bleed

Bleeding from the nose.

bloodpressure
blood+pressure

The force of blood against artery walls.

heartburn
heart+burn

A burning feeling in the chest or throat.

mouthwash
mouth+wash

A liquid used to clean the mouth.

facecloth
face+cloth

A cloth used for washing the face.

healthcare
health+care

Medical care and services for health.

wellbeing
well+being

A state of good health and comfort.

firstaid
first+aid

Immediate help given to an injured person.

moodring
mood+ring

A ring that changes color with temperature or mood.

Clothing

26
workshirt
work+shirt

A shirt worn for work or as practical clothing.

sweaterdress
sweater+dress

A dress made of sweater like material.

nightgown
night+gown

A gown worn for sleeping.

jumpsuit
jump+suit

A one piece garment with pants and a top.

sportswear
sports+wear

Clothing designed for sports or casual exercise.

underwear
under+wear

Clothing worn under other clothes.

outerwear
outer+wear

Clothing worn over other clothes, especially outdoors.

sportscoat
sports+coat

A casual jacket worn with less formal clothing.

windbreaker
wind+breaker

A light jacket that helps block the wind.

pajamas
pajama+s

Clothing worn for sleeping.

dressmaker
dress+maker

A person who makes dresses.

hatband
hat+band

A band around a hat.

sandalwood
sandal+wood

Wood from a sandal tree, sometimes used in clothing scented products.

skirt

A garment hanging from the waist.

rainboots
rain+boots

Boots worn to keep feet dry in wet weather.

backpack
back+pack

A bag carried on the back.

hairband
hair+band

A band worn to hold hair in place.

necktie
neck+tie

A tie worn around the neck.

suitcase
suit+case

A case used for carrying clothes when traveling.

turtleneck
turtle+neck

A sweater or shirt with a high close fitting neck.

vestment
vest+ment

A religious garment or robe.

workwear
work+wear

Clothing made for work or practical use.

sleepwear
sleep+wear

Clothing worn for sleeping.

swimsuit
swim+suit

Clothing worn for swimming.

tailcoat
tail+coat

A formal coat with long back tails.

blouse

A light upper garment for women or girls.

Everyday Objects

28
toothbrush
tooth+brush

A brush used for cleaning teeth.

notebook
note+book

A book for writing notes.

cupboard
cup+board

A cabinet used for storing dishes or food.

doorknob
door+knob

A round handle used to open a door.

headphones
head+phones

A device worn over the ears to listen to sound privately.

teacup
tea+cup

A small cup used for drinking tea.

shoelace
shoe+lace

A cord used to tie a shoe.

bookshelf
book+shelf

A shelf for holding books.

doorbell
door+bell

A bell that rings to signal someone at the door.

windshield
wind+shield

A front window on a vehicle that protects from wind.

bedside
bed+side

The side of a bed.

matchbox
match+box

A small box for holding matches.

laptop
lap+top

A portable computer.

bathrobe
bath+robe

A robe worn after bathing.

mailbox
mail+box

A box for receiving letters and packages.

hairbrush
hair+brush

A brush used for grooming hair.

keyboard
key+board

A panel of keys used to type on a computer or instrument.

eyeglasses
eye+glasses

Glasses worn to help a person see.

handbag
hand+bag

A small bag carried by hand.

tablecloth
table+cloth

A cloth used to cover a table.

fingernail
finger+nail

The hard covering on the tip of a finger.

eyelid
eye+lid

The fold of skin that covers and protects the eye.

pocketbook
pocket+book

A small book or a woman's handbag.

snowman
snow+man

A figure made from packed snow.

armchair
arm+chair

A chair with supports for the arms.

sunglasses
sun+glasses

Glasses that protect the eyes from sunlight.

alarmclock
alarm+clock

A clock that rings at a set time.

soapdish
soap+dish

A small dish that holds a bar of soap.

Food & Drink

28
milkshake
milk+shake

A cold drink made by blending milk with flavoring such as fruit or chocolate.

wineglass
wine+glass

A glass designed for serving wine.

coffeehouse
coffee+house

A place where coffee and other drinks are served.

cookbook
cook+book

A book of recipes and cooking instructions.

breakfast
break+fast

The first meal of the day.

sugarcane
sugar+cane

A tall plant grown for making sugar.

honeydew
honey+dew

A type of sweet melon.

buttermilk
butter+milk

A sour milk drink used in cooking or baking.

cheesecake
cheese+cake

A sweet dessert made with cheese and a crust.

fishcake
fish+cake

A cake or patty made from fish.

meatloaf
meat+loaf

A baked dish made from ground meat shaped like a loaf.

hotdog
hot+dog

A cooked sausage served in a bun.

sandwich
sand+wich

A food made with filling between slices of bread.

cornflake
corn+flake

A thin, crisp piece of corn used as breakfast cereal.

icecream
ice+cream

A sweet frozen dessert made from cream or milk.

peanutbutter
peanut+butter

A spread made from ground peanuts.

applejuice
apple+juice

A drink made from pressed apples.

grapefruit
grape+fruit

A large citrus fruit with a tangy taste.

watermelon
water+melon

A large fruit with juicy red flesh and a thick green rind.

blackberry
black+berry

A small dark berry that grows on a thorny bush.

strawberry
straw+berry

A red sweet berry with seeds on the outside.

blueberry
blue+berry

A small blue edible berry.

cornbread
corn+bread

Bread made with cornmeal.

oatmeal
oat+meal

A hot breakfast food made from oats.

eggplant
egg+plant

A purple vegetable also called aubergine.

chilipepper
chili+pepper

A hot pepper used to add spice to food.

soupbowl
soup+bowl

A bowl used for serving soup.

breadbox
bread+box

A container for storing bread.

Home & Household

24
bedroom
bed+room

A room in a house used for sleeping.

bathroom
bath+room

A room with a toilet and a place to wash.

living room
living+room

A room in a house used for relaxing and sitting together.

dining room
dining+room

A room where meals are eaten.

doormat
door+mat

A mat placed at a door for wiping shoes.

toothpaste
tooth+paste

Paste used with a toothbrush to clean teeth.

pillowcase
pillow+case

A cover for a pillow.

bedspread
bed+spread

A decorative cover placed over a bed.

dishwasher
dish+washer

A machine that washes dishes.

dustpan
dust+pan

A flat pan used with a brush for collecting dust and dirt.

laundry room
laundry+room

A room used for washing and drying clothes.

washing machine
washing+machine

A machine used to wash clothes.

windowpane
window+pane

A single sheet of glass in a window.

fireplace
fire+place

A structure in a room where a fire is kept.

teapot
tea+pot

A pot used for making and serving tea.

lightbulb
light+bulb

A bulb that produces light when switched on.

doorway
door+way

An opening that you pass through to enter a room.

handrail
hand+rail

A rail that you hold for support, especially on stairs.

clockwork
clock+work

The mechanism that makes a clock operate.

household
house+hold

People who live together in one home.

headboard
head+board

The board at the head of a bed.

staircase
stair+case

A set of stairs in a building.

bedtime
bed+time

The time when someone goes to bed.

candleholder
candle+holder

A stand or container that holds a candle.

Nature & Weather

30
sunlight
sun+light

light from the sun

raincoat
rain+coat

a coat worn to stay dry in the rain

snowfall
snow+fall

snow that is falling or has fallen

hurricane
hurry+cane

a severe tropical storm with very strong winds

windmill
wind+mill

a mill powered by the wind

seashore
sea+shore

the land along the edge of the sea

rainstorm
rain+storm

a storm with heavy rain

moonlight
moon+light

light from the moon

earthquake
earth+quake

a sudden shaking of the ground

thunderstorm
thunder+storm

a storm with thunder and lightning

raindrop
rain+drop

a single drop of rain

weatherproof
weather+proof

protected against bad weather

sunrise
sun+rise

the time when the sun appears in the morning

sunset
sun+set

the time when the sun goes down in the evening

iceberg
ice+berg

a large mass of floating ice

snowflake
snow+flake

a small piece of snow

tidewater
tide+water

water affected by the rise and fall of the tide

stormcloud
storm+cloud

a dark cloud that brings a storm

greenhouse
green+house

a glass building for growing plants

woodland
wood+land

land covered with trees

fieldstone
field+stone

a stone found in a field

grassland
grass+land

a large area of land covered with grass

raingauge
rain+gauge

a tool for measuring rainfall

windstorm
wind+storm

a storm with very strong wind

lakeside
lake+side

the land beside a lake

seashell
sea+shell

a shell from the sea

earthworm
earth+worm

a worm that lives in soil

sunflower
sun+flower

a tall plant with a large yellow flower

firefly
fire+fly

a small glowing insect

cliffside
cliff+side

the side of a cliff

People & Family

29
grandmother
grand+mother

The mother of a parent.

grandfather
grand+father

The father of a parent.

stepmother
step+mother

A woman who is the spouse of one's parent.

stepfather
step+father

A man who is the spouse of one's parent.

brother-in-law
brother+in

The brother of one's spouse or the husband of one's sibling.

sister-in-law
sister+in

The sister of one's spouse or the wife of one's sibling.

father-in-law
father+in

The father of one's spouse.

mother-in-law
mother+in

The mother of one's spouse.

son-in-law
son+in

The husband of one's child.

daughter-in-law
daughter+in

The wife of one's child.

newborn
new+born

A baby that has very recently been born.

housewife
house+wife

A woman who manages a home.

househusband
house+husband

A man who manages a home.

schoolboy
school+boy

A boy who attends school.

schoolgirl
school+girl

A girl who attends school.

playmate
play+mate

A companion for playing, especially a child.

playgroup
play+group

A group of young children who meet to play and learn.

boyfriend
boy+friend

A man or boy who is in a romantic relationship.

girlfriend
girl+friend

A woman or girl who is in a romantic relationship.

godfather
god+father

A male sponsor in a Christian baptism.

godmother
god+mother

A female sponsor in a Christian baptism.

widowmaker
widow+maker

Something that causes a husband to die and leave a widow.

familyman
family+man

A man devoted to his family.

familywoman
family+woman

A woman devoted to her family.

kinsman
kin+man

A male relative.

kinswoman
kin+woman

A female relative.

ancestor
an+cestor

A person from whom one is descended.

descendant
de+scendant

A person related by descent from an earlier family member.

parenthood
parent+hood

The state or condition of being a parent.

Places & Buildings

25
airport
air+port

A place where airplanes take off and land.

apartment
apart+ment

A set of rooms where someone lives in a larger building.

bookstore
book+store

A shop that sells books.

classroom
class+room

A room where students are taught.

dormitory
dorm+itory

A building or large room where students live.

farmhouse
farm+house

A house on a farm.

guesthouse
guest+house

A small house for visitors to stay in.

hair salon
hair+salon

A place where people get haircuts and hair styling.

hallway
hall+way

A passage inside a building that connects rooms.

lighthouse
light+house

A tower that shines a light to guide ships.

meeting room
meeting+room

A room used for meetings.

playground
play+ground

An outdoor area where children play.

police station
police+station

A building where police work.

post office
post+office

A place where mail is sent and received.

roommate
room+mate

A person who shares a room or apartment with someone.

schoolhouse
school+house

A building used as a school.

shopfront
shop+front

The front side of a shop facing the street.

sidewalk
side+walk

A path beside a road for people to walk on.

storefront
store+front

The front part of a store facing the street.

townhouse
town+house

A tall narrow house in a city or town.

washroom
wash+room

A room with sinks and often toilets.

warehouse
ware+house

A large building used for storing goods.

workplace
work+place

The place where someone works.

courthouse
court+house

A building where legal cases are heard.

hotel room
hotel+room

A room in a hotel for guests to stay in.

School & Learning

24
blackboard
black+board

a board used for writing or drawing in a classroom

homework
home+work

school work done at home

schoolbook
school+book

a book used for study in school

bookcase
book+case

a case or piece of furniture for books

chalkboard
chalk+board

a board for writing with chalk

gradebook
grade+book

a book used by teachers to record grades

textbook
text+book

a book used for studying a subject

workbook
work+book

a book of exercises for students

paperclip
paper+clip

a small clip used to hold papers together

pencilcase
pencil+case

a small case for pencils and other writing tools

deskchair
desk+chair

a chair used with a desk in a classroom

schoolbag
school+bag

a bag used by a student for carrying books and supplies

reportcard
report+card

a card that shows a student's school grades

readingroom
reading+room

a room for reading and study

studyhall
study+hall

a hall or room for supervised study

lunchroom
lunch+room

a room where students eat lunch

chalkdust
chalk+dust

fine powder from chalk used in classrooms

testpaper
test+paper

a paper with questions for a test

classwork
class+work

work done during class time

spellbook
spell+book

a book used for learning spells or, more generally, a book of words to learn

showandtell
show+and

a class activity where students share something and talk about it

belltime
bell+time

the time when the school bell rings

classmate
class+mate

a person who is in the same class as you

teacher'said
teacher+said

spoken guidance or direction from a teacher

Sports & Games

30
football
foot+ball

A game played with a ball that players move mainly with their feet.

baseball
base+ball

A bat and ball game played between two teams.

basketball
basket+ball

A game in which players score by throwing a ball into a hoop.

volleyball
volley+ball

A game in which teams hit a ball over a net.

handball
hand+ball

A game in which players use their hands to throw or hit a ball.

goalpost
goal+post

One of the upright posts that mark a scoring area in some sports.

scoreboard
score+board

A board that shows the current score in a game.

gameplan
game+plan

A strategy for how to play a game or match.

playoff
play+off

A final round of games used to decide a winner.

teammate
team+mate

A person who is on the same team as you.

backhand
back+hand

A stroke in tennis or similar sports made with the back of the hand facing forward.

homerun
home+run

A score in baseball when the batter runs all the way around the bases after hitting the ball out of play.

touchdown
touch+down

A score in American football made when the ball is carried into the end zone or caught there.

sidekick
side+kick

A supporting partner or helper in a game, story, or team context.

grandstand
grand+stand

A large seating area for spectators at a sports event.

scorekeeper
score+keeper

A person who records and tracks the score in a game.

championship
champion+ship

A competition for deciding the champion.

matchpoint
match+point

The point that can win the match in tennis and some other sports.

sideline
side+line

The line at the side of a playing field.

tiebreaker
tie+breaker

A contest or rule used to decide a winner when scores are tied.

scorecard
score+card

A card used to record scores in a game.

clubhouse
club+house

A building for members, players, or fans at a sports venue.

pinball
pin+ball

A game in which a ball is kept in play on a machine using flippers.

horseback
horse+back

The back of a horse, used in the phrase riding horseback.

snowboard
snow+board

A board used for gliding over snow.

skateboard
skate+board

A board with wheels used for riding and tricks.

racecar
race+car

A car built for racing.

mudslide
mud+slide

A sport or game term for a slide through mud, often in playful competition.

draftboard
draft+board

A board used to display or track a draft in sports drafts and fantasy games.

wrestlingmatch
wrestling+match

A contest in the sport of wrestling.

Time & Calendar

26
daylight
day+light

Natural light during the day.

daybreak
day+break

The time when the day begins to light up.

weekday
week+day

Any day from Monday to Friday.

weekend
week+end

The period at the end of the week, usually Saturday and Sunday.

birthdate
birth+date

The date when a person was born.

deadline
dead+line

The latest time or date by which something must be finished.

timezone
time+zone

A region that uses the same standard time.

timescale
time+scale

The amount of time over which something happens.

timespan
time+span

The length of time between two events.

timetable
time+table

A schedule showing times for events, classes, or travel.

timepiece
time+piece

A device for telling time, such as a clock or watch.

clockface
clock+face

The front of a clock where the numbers and hands appear.

calendar
calen+dar

A system for arranging days, weeks, and months.

monthend
month+end

The end of a month.

monthlong
month+long

Lasting for a whole month.

yearbook
year+book

A book published once a year, often with school photos and events.

yearround
year+round

Happening throughout the whole year.

springtime
spring+time

The season of spring.

summertime
summer+time

The season of summer.

dinnertime
dinner+time

The usual time for eating dinner.

lunchtime
lunch+time

The usual time for eating lunch.

overtime
over+time

Time worked beyond regular working hours.

waittime
wait+time

The amount of time spent waiting.

harvesttime
harvest+time

The period when crops are gathered.

freetime
free+time

Time when a person is not busy with work or duties.

workday
work+day

A day when people usually go to work.

Travel & Transport

27
airplane
air+plane

A powered aircraft that flies in the sky.

bypass
by+pass

A road built to go around a town or crowded area.

carpool
car+pool

An arrangement where several people share one car for travel.

carryon
carry+on

A small bag that a traveler keeps with them on a plane.

checkpoint
check+point

A place where travelers or vehicles are inspected.

cyclepath
cycle+path

A path for bicycles.

driverless
driver+less

Operating without a human driver.

expressway
express+way

A fast road with limited stops and entrances.

ferryboat
ferry+boat

A boat used to carry passengers or vehicles across water.

footpath
foot+path

A path for people walking.

highway
high+way

A main road for fast travel between places.

jetliner
jet+liner

A large jet airplane used for passenger travel.

luggage
lug+gage

Bags and suitcases carried by a traveler.

motorbike
motor+bike

A two wheeled vehicle powered by an engine.

overpass
over+pass

A bridge or road that crosses over another road.

railroad
rail+road

A track system used by trains.

roadmap
road+map

A map or plan for a journey or route.

roadside
road+side

The area along the edge of a road.

seaplane
sea+plane

An airplane that can take off from and land on water.

skylift
sky+lift

A lift or cable transport that carries people above the ground.

streetcar
street+car

A passenger vehicle that runs on tracks in city streets.

subway
sub+way

An underground railway system.

taxiway
taxi+way

A path for aircraft to move at an airport.

ticketbook
ticket+book

A book containing tickets for travel or entry.

truckstop
truck+stop

A place where truck drivers can rest, eat, or refuel.

turnpike
turn+pike

A toll road or highway.

waypoint
way+point

A point on a route used for navigation.

Work & Tools

28
workbench
work+bench

A sturdy table used for doing manual work.

workshop
work+shop

A room or building used for making or repairing things.

toolbox
tool+box

A box used for storing tools.

toolshed
tool+shed

A small shed for keeping tools.

handtool
hand+tool

A tool operated by hand rather than by power.

handcart
hand+cart

A small cart pushed or pulled by hand.

handheld
hand+held

Small enough to be held in the hand.

headlamp
head+lamp

A lamp worn on the head to light the way.

headset
head+set

A pair of headphones with a microphone.

powertool
power+tool

A tool driven by electricity or another power source.

powerdrill
power+drill

A drill powered by electricity or battery.

drillbit
drill+bit

The cutting part of a drill.

nailclipper
nail+clipper

A small tool for trimming nails.

screwdriver
screw+driver

A tool used to turn screws.

sawdust
saw+dust

Fine particles made when sawing wood.

sawhorse
saw+horse

A support used to hold wood while sawing.

wrench

A tool used for gripping and turning nuts or bolts.

hammerhead
hammer+head

The striking part of a hammer.

hammermill
hammer+mill

A machine that crushes material with hammers.

workforce
work+force

The people available to do work.

workload
work+load

The amount of work a person has to do.

worksheet
work+sheet

A page of exercises or tasks to complete.

workroom
work+room

A room used for doing work.

toolmaker
tool+maker

A person or company that makes tools.

toolroom
tool+room

A room where tools are kept or issued.

clawhammer
claw+hammer

A hammer with a claw for pulling nails.

tapemeasure
tape+measure

A flexible ruler used to measure length.

worktable
work+table

A table used for working on tasks or projects.

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